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自動詞：Emphasize "changes in status".
他動詞：Emphasize the "reason for changing state".
Using "自動詞", we cannot know "what caused this change",
It only expresses the change, but the reason for this change is not clear.
Give you an example:
- A：ドアが開いた（自動詞）
- B：ドアを開けた（他動詞）
What is the difference between these two sentences?
Yes, A means "the door is open" this change, we can't know how to open the door.
It is possible that your friend opened it, or it opened automatically because of the storm.
Instead, B emphasizes who opened the door.（他動詞）
If the subject is not displayed like B, this is the meaning of the speaker opening.
Let me give you another example:
- A：火が消えた（自動詞）
- B：火を消した（他動詞）
You want to emphasize that "I extinguished the fire" should use the B sentence.
Simple way to distinguish:
"Is the particle before that verb を"
- If the previous particle is "を", this is 他動詞.
- If the previous particle is not "を", this is 自動詞.
The above example is also:
- ドア【が】开いた (自動詞)
- ドア【を】开けた (他動詞)
- 火【が】消えた (自動詞)
- 火【を】消した (他動詞)
In fact, it is not difficult to know whether each verb is 自動詞 or 他動詞.